Descriptive Research Design
•It is
designed for the investigator to gather information about present
existing conditions.
•It
studies investigate phenomena in their natural setting.
•Here the
researcher does not manipulate the variables or
arrange for events to happen.
•The
present events or phenomena are observed
& described here.
Types of Descriptive
Research
•Survey
Studies
–School Survry
–Job Survey
–Public Opinion Survey
–Social Survey
–
•Developmental
Studies
–Growth Studies
•Longitudinal
•Cross-Sectional
–Follow-up Studies
–Trends Studies
–
•Inter-Relationship
Studies
–Case Study
–Ex-post Facto/ Casual Comparative
Studies
–Correlation & Prediction Studies
–Cross-Cultural & Comparative
Studies
Historical Research
Design
•Historical
Research is the Systematic collection and evaluation of data to describe, explain, and
thereby understand actions or events that occurred
in the past.
•No manipulation or
control of variables or Data and primarily focuses in the past.
•Historical
research is not based upon experimentation, but
upon reports of observation which cannot be repeated.
Types of Historical Research
•Bibliographic Research
•Legal Research
•Studying the history
of ideas
•Studying the history of institutions.
Experimental Research
Design
•Experimental research design are
concerned with
–Examination of the effect of independent variable on the
dependent variable,
–Where the independent
variable is manipulated through treatment or intervention &
– The effect of those interventions is observed on the dependant variable.
–Data are collected through random
method.
Types of Experimental
Research
•True Experimental Design
–Post-test only ,
–Pretest post-test only,
–Solomon 4 groups ,
–Factorial ,
–Randomized block,
–Crossover
•Quasi – Experimental Research Design
–Nonrandomized control group design,
–Time-series design
•Pre – Experimental Research Design
–One-shot case design ,
–One-group pretest-posttest design
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